On Ethics, Aesthetics and Breathing

Project Dossiers

Artist: Marina Razheva
Date: 2001
Location: Written in Yekaterinburg; can be performed in any enclosed room
Type: Text-based action / instruction
Materials: An enclosed room, the people present, a small ventilation window (fortochka)
Dimensions / Duration: Variable

Work Description

The work consists of a text proposing an action: breathe in an enclosed room until the air is used up, then open a small ventilation window. The instruction turns an ordinary physical action into a possible artistic gesture, connecting creativity, aesthetic change and ethical responsibility.

Concept

The text approaches creativity as an addition to reality, moving from the rearrangement of objects to the alteration of the space itself. Opening a small window becomes a metaphor for a creative act that changes the conditions of an established environment.

Aesthetic change is compared to fresh air entering a closed room: initially disruptive, then ordinary and necessary, eventually unnoticed. The question of whether such an intervention is ethical remains dependent on the situation.

The proposed action gives the metaphor a physical dimension. Breathing changes the composition of the air; opening the window allows an exchange between the enclosed space and the outside.

Realization and Publication

The text was submitted as written instructions to the Third International Symposium Sputnik: Active Reflection Technology and published in Sputnik. Technology of Active Reflection, a co-operative book of poetry, vol. 2 (Kemerovo, 2001), pp. 37–38.

The artist did not attend the symposium. She believes that participants may have carried out the action repeatedly during the event, but no documentation of such an execution is known. The action is therefore documented as a proposed scenario, not as a confirmed performance.

Source Images

Fig. 1. the book cover

Fig. 2. Title page.

Fig. 3. page 37

Fig. 4. page 38

Related Pages

On Ethics, Aesthetics and Breathing

On Ethics, Aesthetics and Breathing

2001

Marina Razheva, 2001

Text-based action / instruction

Preface 1

If we speak of creativity as an addition to reality, there are many ways to read it. One can add an object to a room, open the cupboard doors, or rearrange them (not yet creativity, rather combinatorics). One can throw open a window, remove a wall, or build on another room (this is closer).

Different levels, one aim.

Preface 2

When a small window is opened in a closed space, at first the fresh air breaking into the familiar atmosphere seems sacrilegious and destructive. Then it seems ordinary and necessary. Later, unnoticeable.

And at that moment, perhaps, it is time to open a window.

Aesthetics is like air: at first it excites, then it seems habitual, necessary, natural, until the next change.

The creative act is the opening of the small window.

Whether this action is ethical depends on the situation.

It is, of course, a metaphor, but to make it real one can carry out the ACTION On Ethics, Aesthetics and Breathing:

Breathe in a closed room until the air is used up, then open the small window.

Notes

  1. The reaction will depend on the composition, mood, preparedness and other states of the people breathing.
  2. When the window is opened, fresh air comes in, and information leaves: the changed composition of the air, produced by the presence of the people in the room, goes out.
  3. The experiment can be varied by using holotropic breathing instead of ordinary breathing.
  4. If desired, it can be continued with other actions: open a window, or go outside (not necessarily through the window).

Publication

The text was published as written instructions in Sputnik. Technology of Active Reflection, a co-operative book of poetry, vol. 2. Kemerovo: S.N.K., 2001, pp. 37–38.

The artist did not attend the symposium. She believes that participants may have carried out the action during the event, but no documentation of this is known.

Related Work

Project Dossier

The Well

Project Dossiers

Artist: Marina Razheva
Date: 2005 (sketches)
Location: Kronprinz Tower, Kaliningrad, Russia
Type: Unrealized light installation; competition proposal
Materials: Projector system, circular reflector, light-intensity regulator
Site conditions: The tower’s central atrium, extending through its full height
Dimensions / Duration: Variable; not specified

Work Description

The proposal envisages a system of projectors, a circular reflector and a light-intensity regulator installed at the bottom of the tower’s central atrium. At a chosen moment, the electricity is switched on, and a powerful column of light bursts out of the well into the sky.

Concept

A well cannot be moved from place to place, but the water in it can rise and fall. Many circumstances determine whether there is water at all, and whether it is fit to drink. Even a full well raises the question of how to draw from it.

The image is motionless on the one hand, and possesses only an inner mobility on the other.

Context

According to the historical record, the Kronprinz barracks changed their function more than fifteen times after they were built. The complex housed grenadier regiments, living quarters, police units, a military treasury, storehouses, schools and shops.

The tower was subsequently transferred to the Kaliningrad branch of the National Centre for Contemporary Arts (NCCA).

Further Use

The installation could serve as the tower’s identifying sign, a “beacon of the Kaliningrad NCCA”. With the help of an intensity regulator, the column of light could become particularly bright at certain moments, such as during an event or an opening.

Realization

The project was not realized. It was submitted to the competition Kronprinz Tower: The Second Coming, organized by the Kaliningrad branch of the NCCA.

The first competition attracted 45 artists and collectives from ten countries. Its results were presented during Kaliningrad’s Museum Night on 19–20 May 2006. The jury selected The Well for publication in a set of postcards issued after the competition.

Source Images

Fig. 1. the sketch for the installation, 2005, reproduced on a postcard in the competition edition.

Fig. 2. the pencil sketch for the installation

Fig. 3. Screenshot of a portion of the “competition results” page, 2006, web archive

Related Pages

Project: The Well

Competition results, 2006 — web archive

The Well

2005

“Towns may be changed, but the well is not changed.
You may go and you may come, but the well remains the well.”

— I Ching (Book of Changes), translated from the Russian

Postcard from the competition edition: the sketch for The Well, 2005

THE SINGLE BRUSHSTROKE

Project Dossiers

The Single Brushstroke that can be defined is no longer the Single Brushstroke.

— Ye. Zavadskaya, commentary on Shitao, Conversations on Painting (Hua yu lu), Moscow: Nauka, 1978; translated from the Russian.

Artist: Marina Razheva
Date: 2006; repeated on later occasions
Location: Site-independent
Type: Unannounced performance / light intervention
Materials: Video projector, one projected image
Site conditions: A projector stands against a wall opposite a window. The beam crosses the room and passes out through the glass. Outdoors, it travels into open space.
Dimensions / Duration: Variable

Work Description

A light source (a projector) stands by the wall opposite a window. Its beam crosses the room and exits through the glass. One image is projected: a single white brushstroke on a black ground.

Anything that enters the beam becomes a screen and part of the image at the same time: a visitor, a gallery staff member, an open palm, a sheet of paper, the windowpane, a tree or a bird outside. Whoever or whatever enters the beam receives a part of the image and, at the same time, writes its own shadow into it. Were the beam to continue through the wall, the tree beyond would do the same, and so on without end. A speck of dust, a bird and a person are equal before the beam, and each remains itself.

If the projector’s power reaches only as far as the exhibition space, it makes no difference. In thought, the beam continues beyond it, and nothing obstructs it.

Context

The work does not illustrate Shitao’s treatise. The idea of the Single Brushstroke (yi hua) in his Hua yu lu serves as a point of departure. The title is a sentence from the commentary by Ye. Zavadskaya accompanying her Russian translation of the treatise (Shitao, Conversations on Painting, Moscow: Nauka, 1978).

Realization

The work takes the form of an unannounced performance. It has been carried out more than once, in different places, without notice to those present.

No single place or date defines it: every realization is a new occasion, and any space can become its site. The documentation records particular encounters without making any of them the definitive version of the work.

Documentation

Fig. 1. The projected image.

Fig. 2. Documentation of one realization.

Fig. 3. Documentation of another realization, outdoors at night.

The photographs document particular realizations of the work. They are records of individual encounters, not illustrations of a single definitive installation.

Related Pages

The Single Brushstroke

The Single Brushstroke

2006

The Single Brushstroke that can be defined is no longer the Single Brushstroke.

— Ye. Zavadskaya, commentary on Shitao, Conversations on Painting (Hua yu lu), Moscow: Nauka, 1978; translated from the Russian.

The projected image

Documentation of one realization
Documentation of another realization, outdoors at night

A point of departure

Realizations

Related Pages

Project Dossiers

ONCE UPON A TIME… NEW YEAR’S SYNDROME

Project Dossiers

Artist: Marina Razheva
Date: 11–29 December 2000
Location: Ural Museum of Youth, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Type: Installation, participatory project
Materials: Everyday household objects, wooden lattice screens, fabric, window frame, silver enamel paint
Duration: 19 days

Work Description

Once Upon a Time… New Year’s Syndrome was a room-sized installation in which every object, from a teapot to a window frame, was painted the same silver. Stripped of their original colours, familiar household things became an alphabet through which visitors were invited to read their own idea of a home.

The guest book was intended to become the real exhibit: a place where visitors’ memories, associations and interpretations accumulated.

Concept

The project takes the form of a mock scientific study of “New Year’s syndrome”: moments of stillness interrupting everyday routines, the feverish search for gifts, the urge to decorate, the expectation of a fairy tale and the feeling of approaching a threshold.

The accompanying text follows the structure of a research protocol—aim, material, method and results—while proposing several possible versions of the house. It might be an enchanted kingdom; the home of a plaster Girl with an Oar and her mannequin relatives; one of Vera Pavlovna’s dreams, in which everything is made of white metal; the dwelling of the boy Electronic and his dog; or a house in the age of space-age materials.

The text also plays with the language of optics. The invented term gala-gram combines gala (festive), galerie (gallery) and galena (a silvery lead sulphide), while echoing the word hologram. Two beams originating from one source, one reflected, interfere to produce a volumetric image. In the installation, the artist’s collection of objects acts as one beam, the viewer’s memory as the reflected beam, and the image emerges where they meet.

The Installation

At the centre of the room hung a large cone of pleated fabric with a window frame set into it, surrounded by dark drapery. Open wooden lattice screens stood around it. On the floor, small “islands” of domestic life were arranged: a table laid for tea with a teapot, cup and lace; a flower in a bottle; a cage with a small creature; pies on a baking tray and a rolling pin resting on brick supports; an open tin with a fork; a pair of children’s shoes; glasses lying on a closed book; a birch broom in a basin; a ladle and a carpet beater hanging from the lattice; laundry on hangers; a radio-cassette player; and apples in a basket.

Every object was coated in the same silver enamel, known in Russian as serebryanka. The paint was supplied for the project by Опытное производство лакокрасочных материалов (OPLM; Experimental Production of Paint and Varnish Materials).

The uniform surface transformed recognisable things into something between domestic remnants, theatrical props and fragments of an unfamiliar world. The room offered no single narrative. Its inhabitants and events had to be imagined by each visitor.

Method

Departure from colour through material.

By coating disparate objects in a single silver finish, the installation suspended their ordinary identities without erasing their recognisability. The resulting “little house,” assembled from fragments of daily life, invited visitors to complete the image through their own memories and associations.

Reception

Press Response

In Vecherny Yekaterinburg on 16 December 2000, Ekaterina Balueva’s article “The Silver House and We in It” described the installation as an invitation to invent one’s own model of a home. She imagined pies ready for the oven, a child who had just run past and knocked over a basket of apples, and a key dropped in the pre-holiday bustle.

Balueva also noted a contrasting response: some visitors saw only a heap of objects spoiled by paint.

Elena Solovyova’s Text

In “Marina’s Alphabet (The Silver Alphabet),” written for the exhibition, Elena Solovyova interpreted the work as an interactive game and the guest book as the real exhibit.

The Guest Book

The guest book, kept during the exhibition from 11 to 29 December 2000, recorded widely differing associations. Visitors wrote that the installation “smells of grandma” and was “like from a distant childhood”; one found it “very beautiful, but a little lonely.” Another suggested “Silver” by the band Bi-2 as a soundtrack, while someone else asked where the vodka bottle was.

Together, these responses formed a collective portrait of the installation—not a definitive explanation, but a record of the memories, humour and expectations that the objects set in motion.

The Residents

For the artist, the most important outcome was that visitors joined the game and began to discover the installation’s imagined “residents.”

In 2001, a courier from a dairy factory brought Razheva photographs from Serov, Sverdlovsk Region, showing silver-painted sculptures standing outdoors in front of wooden houses. The photographs extended the project beyond the museum: the silver world of the installation had an unexpected counterpart in the everyday landscape.

The “residents” thus became a continuation of the work, revealing how its visual language could be recognised and reinterpreted elsewhere.

Documentation

The installation was documented on colour film in 2000. The photographs reproduced here are scans of the original film prints. Grain and colour variations belong to the original photographic material.

The archive also includes the exhibition poster, a press clipping, pages from the guest book, Elena Solovyova’s text, the project text and photographs of the “Residents” taken in Serov in 2001.

The four lettered cubes mentioned in the Artist’s Note have not yet been identified in the surviving photographic documentation.

The “Residents” photographs date from 2001, after the exhibition had closed.

Related page: Once Upon a Time… New Year’s Syndrome — Project Page

ONCE UPON A TIME…

2000

NEW YEAR’S SYNDROME

Жили-были… Новогодний синдром

2000

Installation, participatory project

Ural Museum of Youth, Yekaterinburg, Russia

11–29 December 2000

A room-sized installation in which every object, from a teapot to a window frame, was painted the same silver. Stripped of colour, familiar household things became an alphabet through which visitors were invited to imagine their own version of a home.

The installation brought together small “islands” of everyday life: a table laid for tea, children’s shoes, a birch broom, laundry, apples, toys and other domestic objects. A central structure of pleated fabric and a window frame, surrounded by dark drapery and wooden lattice screens, formed the room’s spatial focus.

The project was conceived as a playful investigation of “New Year’s syndrome”—the pause in everyday life, the expectation of a fairy tale and the feeling of approaching a threshold.

The guest book was intended to become the real exhibit. Visitors responded with memories, associations, jokes and imagined stories, making the work an open-ended exchange between objects and personal experience.

The silver house was completed by the memories of those who entered it.

Artist’s Note

What mattered most to me was that people joined the game and began looking for the installation’s “residents”. Some told me about them; others wrote in the guest book. In 2001, a young courier from a dairy factory brought me photographs from Serov, a town in the Urals, showing silver-painted sculptures standing outdoors in front of wooden houses.

I was struck by the weathered wooden background of these figures. In the installation, the silver objects had stood against the similarly worn surface of the gallery floor and the wooden lattice screens. The photographs from Serov revealed an unexpected visual correspondence between the installation and the world beyond the museum.

Three small cubes, each bearing a letter on a brightly coloured ground, lay in the lower right corner of the exhibition space, like an ellipsis at the end of a sentence. Children rearranged them, and one visitor left a written response that appears to refer to them:

“I will forgive everything and eat it without flinching, because I noticed the key word to the paint syndrome. Colour is a different matter altogether!”

The entry, signed “D.” and dated 29 December 2000, is preserved in the guest book. The cubes themselves have not yet been found in the photographic documentation.

Full Project Dossier

CHILDREN’S ROOM

1999

Детская комнатка

1999

Installation

Ural Youth Museum, Yekaterinburg, Russia

Archival photographs taken on colour film in 1999.

Created for the 50th anniversary celebration of International Children’s Day, 1 June

Installation view, 1999
Installation view, 1999

An installation in three parts: Children’s Joys, images on the walls made in the manner of children’s drawings; Tired Toys, borrowed toys arranged in groups recalling folklore, literature, mythology and cinema; and a winding path of children’s handprints.

A central lamp, connecting threads and melodies from Cheerful Horses brought the room together.

Project Dossiers

CHILDREN’S ROOM

Project Dossiers

Artist: Marina Razheva
Date: 1 June – 1 July 1999
Location: Ural Youth Museum, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Type: Installation
Materials: Oil on fibreboard; borrowed children’s toys; paper, marker, handprints; lamp, threads; recorded sound
Site conditions: Museum hall, artificial light
Duration: One month

Work description

Children’s Room was created for a cultural project organised by the Ural Youth Museum to mark the 50th anniversary celebration of International Children’s Day on 1 June 1999.

The installation consisted of three parts:

Children’s Joys — images on the walls, painted in oil on fibreboard in the manner of children’s drawings.

Tired Toys — groups of toys borrowed from children’s rooms and arranged on the floor on separate sheets of paper. Each group alluded to folklore, literature, mythology or cinema. No toys were intentionally damaged in the making of the project.

The Path — a winding trail of children’s handprints on small sheets of paper, running between the toy groups.

A lamp stood at the centre of the room, with threads connecting it to the wall images. Melodies from Cheerful Horses (Весёлые лошадки) played in the room. The sheets beneath the toys bore handwritten titles and thin outlines of the artist’s hand.

Exhibition leaflet, 1999

The exhibition leaflet introduced the installation:

Dedicated to the 50th anniversary celebration of International Children’s Day.

On the walls of Children’s Room are Children’s Joys — an attempt to speak a language we all once knew.

On the floor are Tired Toys, among which one can recognise old acquaintances: Circe, the Headless Horseman, Snow White and the dwarfs…

Welcome!

Translated from Russian. Exhibition leaflet for Children’s Room, Ural Youth Museum, 1999.

Children’s Joys

Freckles (Веснушки) An orange sun with long rays and small, unusual figures between them.

Yellow Cats in the Grass (Жёлтые кошки в траве) White-outlined cats against a yellow and green field.

Golden Rain (Золотой дождь) Two crowned figures on a red and white field, beneath descending golden streaks.

Good Morning! (Доброе утро!) A patterned deer with blossoming antlers against green, pink and blue stripes.

Tired Toys

The toy groups combine references to folklore, literature, mythology and cinema.

The Hen Laid an Egg (Снесла курочка яичко)
The Russian folk tale of Ryaba Hen. The egg has a face; the hen appears to have sat down on her tail in surprise.

Siamese Koloboks (Сиамские колобки)
Two characters from a Russian folk tale joined like Siamese twins.

Mashenka and the Bear (Машенька и Медведь)
A toy bear tries to feed an unhappy-faced doll from a baby bottle.

Mazai’s Granddaughter (Внучка Мазая)
After Nikolay Nekrasov’s poem Grandfather Mazai and the Hares, in which Mazai rescues hares from a spring flood. The title turns the grandfather into a granddaughter.

The Golden Fish (Золотая рыбка)
A plastic goldfish beside a candy dispenser, referring to Alexander Pushkin’s fairy tale.

Circe (Цирцеюшка)
The enchantress in Homer’s Odyssey, who turned Odysseus’s companions into pigs. The Russian title uses a diminutive form of her name.

Homer (Гомер)
A doll with rubbed-out eyes and a horse nearby. The title invokes the ancient poet traditionally associated with the Iliad and the Odyssey. The horse also refers to Konstantin Ushinsky’s story The Blind Horse. The title functions as a signature.

Medusa Gorgon (Медуза Горгона)
The Greek myth of Medusa’s beheading by Perseus.

The Headless Horseman (Всадник без головы)
After Mayne Reid’s 1866 novel and its film adaptations.

Clash of the Titans (Борьба титанов)
The war between gods and Titans in Greek mythology, represented by broken bodies and separated heads.

Snow White and Her Dwarfs (Белоснежка и её гномы)
After the fairy tale of Snow White.

Total Recall (Вспомнить всё) and Face/Off (Без лица)
References to the films Total Recall (1990) and Face/Off (1997).

Four groups remain untitled: an axe beside two doll heads; a plastic box labelled “Мясомолторг” (Meat and Dairy Trust) containing baby-doll arms and legs; a toy dog beside a Fashion doll’s body with a Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle head; and a motorcyclist figure.

Critical Response

In 2008, in a profile of the artist in the Yekaterinburg newspaper Uralsky Rabochy, art historian Svetlana Dolganova wrote of Children’s Room. She described the installation’s strange “dollhouse” as “inexplicably attractive and at the same time uncanny,” with “a life of its own, not entirely clear” seeming to unfold. She concluded: “Razheva stands apart.”

Translated from Russian.

Source: Svetlana Dolganova, “Her Name Is Miss Performance” (Её зовут Мисс Перформанс), column “Persona from the Album,” Uralsky Rabochy, Yekaterinburg, 25 June 2008.

Documentation

Colour film prints made in 1999 and subsequently scanned. Grain and colour variations belong to the original prints. White lines visible in some photographs are threads from the installation.

Photographic Record

Photographs of the installation are shown on the project page: Children’s Room.

Related pages

Project: Children’s Room